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In this survey, you will be presented with approximately 35 pairs of images of birds. Please assess your overall impression of the plumage (including both the color and pattern), and rank each pair of images on a scale of 0 to 4 in terms of their DIFFERENCE in overall plumage pattern. A score of 0 indicates no difference in the plumage between the two birds, while a score of 4 indicates no overlap in color or pattern between the two birds. Before the survey begins, you will review a set of already-ranked images.

Note that you cannot change your rating after you press "continue".

Please take the survey only once.
 
 
 
NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.



This pair of individuals has a difference of “1”—while there is some difference in the amount of yellow on the front of the bird, the majority of the birds’ plumage are nearly identical.
 
 
 
NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.



This pair of individuals has a difference of “2”—although much of the two birds are similar (e.g., the back and wings), the face of the bird on the left is very noticeably different.
 
 
 
NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.



This pair of individuals has a difference of “3”—there are some parallels in the coloration present in the two birds’ plumage, but there is little other similarity.
 
 
 
NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.



This pair of individuals has a difference of “4”—there is no part of these birds’ plumage that are overlapping in coloration or patterning.
 
 
 
* Please enter the number in the image:
   
* Please enter the number in the image:
   
 
 
 
* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
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Please click "Continue"
 
 
 
* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
2
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
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4
 
 
 
* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
2
 
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* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
2
 
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4
 
 
 
* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
2
 
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4
 
 
 
* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
2
 
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4
 
 
 
* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
1
 
2
 
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4
 
 
 
* NOTE: 0 = No difference in plumage color or pattern between the two birds; 2 = Some overlap in color and/or pattern of plumage, but marked differences present; 4 = No overlap in plumage color or pattern between the two birds.

 
0
 
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4