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Welcome. The following survey took test subjects between 7 and 10 minutes to complete. To complete the survey you must meet the following requirements:

1. You must respond to each item as honestly as possible. You must not randomly respond. Random responding will result in nonpayment.
2. You may withdraw at any time, however to be included in the cash award raffle you must complete the entire survey.
3. There are several minimum requirements to participate in the study. You will be asked several questions to determine your eligibility. This will take less than one minute. If you meet the eligibility requirements then you can continue with the survey.

Each respondent will receive $2.00 USD.


After you have finished the survey and entered your Mturk Worker ID you will need to go back to the HIT page and enter your unique respondent ID. Your unique respondent ID will be provided to you automatically once you've completed the survey.

If you meet the criteria above and would like to participate in the survey please proceed to the Consent Form.
 
 
 
 
RESEARCH PARTICIPATION CONSENT FORM


INTRODUCTION: You are invited to participate in a research study conducted at Pacific Lutheran University in the School of Business. The main investigator of the study is Matthew Monnot, PhD, Assistant Professor of Business. You were chosen to participate in the study because you are an Mturk worker. Participation is entirely voluntary; you may withdraw from the study at any time without consequences.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between individual experiences and attitudes at work. Results of the study will be used to contribute to the scientific literature with the intent of improving our understanding of the individual experience of meaningful work across different cultures. You will not be identified in any of the results.

PROCEDURES: If you decide to participate in the study, I will aggregate your responses with other respondents’ survey data. The data collected will include a series of self-assessments regarding your experiences at work, attitudes toward work, and attitudes toward about the organization within which you work.

RISKS, INCONVENIENCES, AND DISCOMFORTS: There are no known major risks to your participation in this research study.

POTENTIAL BENEFITS: Upon completion your Mturk account will be credited with $2.00 USD (this may take several days).

CONFIDENTIALITY: If you choose to be in this study, I will save your data according to your Mturk number. Links between self-reported demographic data and study codes will be kept in a password protected file by the investigator. Records of your participation in this study will be held confidential as far as is permitted by law. The case records from this study will be available for review by members of the Human Participants Review Board (HPRB) at Pacific Lutheran University.

You are encouraged to ask any questions, at any time, that will help you to understand how this study will be performed and/or how it will affect you. You may contact the principal investigator, Matthew Monnot, PhD ([email protected]).

If you have any questions or concerns about this study or your rights as a study participant, you may contact the Human Participants Review Board, Pacific Lutheran University through the Provost’s Office at (253) 535-7126.

By clicking the link below you indicate that you have read and understand the information provided above, that you willingly agree to participate, that you may withdraw your consent at any time and discontinue participation without penalty, and that you are not waiving any legal claims.
 
 
 
 
* Do you have a paid job other than Mturk?
 
Yes
 
No
 
 
 
* What is your age in years?
 
 
 
* Which best describes your employment status?
 
Full time (40 hours or more)
 
Part time (less than 40 hours per week)
 
 
 
* What is your current job title?
   
 
 
 
* How many months have you been in your current job?
 
 
 
* On average, how many hours would you say that you spend working each week?
 
 
 
This assessment requires English language comprehension. To confirm your language skills please read the following passage and then select the most appropriate responses to the questions.

The railroad was not the first institution to impose regularity on society, or to draw attention to the importance of precise timekeeping. For as long as merchants have set out their wares at daybreak and communal festivities have been celebrated, people have been in rough agreement with their neighbors as to the time of day. The value of this tradition is today more apparent than ever. Were it not for public acceptance of a single yardstick of time, social life would be unbearably chaotic: the massive daily transfers of goods, services, and information would proceed in fits and starts; the very fabric of modern society would begin to unravel.
 
 
 
* What is the main idea of the passage?
 
In modern society we must make more time for our neighbors.
 
The traditions of society are timeless.
 
An accepted way of measuring time is essential for the smooth functioning of society.
 
Society judges people by the times at which they conduct certain activities.
 
 
 
* In the above passage, the phrase "fits and starts" refers to
 
the practice of starting the business day at dawn
 
unfriendly relations between neighbors
 
the fabric of society
 
discontinuity of daily activities
 
 
 
* In the above passage, the word "yardstick" refers to
 
a measuring rod that is one yard long
 
friendly relations between neighbors
 
the fabric of society
 
people’s agreement about time
 
 
 
* In the above passage, the word "fabric" is defined as
 
woven or knitted material
 
the arrangements of physical components
 
an underlying structure or framework
 
friendly relations between neighbors
 
 
 
IMPORTANT: Use your paid job (not Mturk) as your frame of reference when responding to all statements and questions. Each statement or question on this survey is in reference to your paid job and not Mturk.

If you have a paid job aside from Mturk please continue.
 
 
 
To what extent do you agree with the following statements about your job?
Strongly Disagree Disagree Neither Agree nor Disagree Agree Strongly Agree
* The job allows me to make my own decisions about how to schedule my work.
* The job allows me to decide on the order in which things are done on the job.
* The job allows me to plan how I do my work.
* The job gives me a chance to use my personal initiative or judgment in carrying out the work.
* The job allows me to make a lot of decisions on my own.
* The job provides me with significant autonomy in making decisions.
* The job allows me to make decisions about what methods I use to complete my work.
* The job gives me considerable opportunity for independence and freedom in how I do the work.
* The job allows me to decide on my own how to go about doing my work.
* I am confident about my ability to do my job.
* I am self-assured about my capabilities to perform my work activities.
* I have mastered the skills necessary for my job.
 
 
To what extent do you agree that the following statements describe you?
Strongly Disagree Disagree Neither Agree nor Disagree Agree Strongly Agree
* On the whole, I am satisfied with myself.
* At times, I think I am no good at all.
* I feel that I have a number of good qualities.
* I am able to do things as well as most other people.
* I feel I do not have much to be proud of.
* I certainly feel useless at times.
* I feel that I’m a person of worth, at least on an equal plane with others.
* I wish I could have more respect for myself.
* All in all, I am included to feel that I am a failure.
* I take a positive attitude toward myself.
 
 
To what extent do you agree that the following statements describe your work experience?
Strongly Disagree Disagree Neither Agree nor Disagree Agree Strongly Agree
* My impact on what happens in my department is large.
* I have great deal of control over what happens in my department.
* I have significant influence over what happens in my department.
* The results of my work are likely to significantly affect the lives of other people.
* The job itself is very significant and important in the broader scheme of things.
* The job has a large impact on people outside the organization.
* The work performed on the job has a significant impact on people outside the organization.
 
 
To what extent are the following statements true?
Not at all true of me Somewhat true of me Mostly true of me Absolutely true of me
* My work helps me live out my life’s purpose.
* I see my career as a path to purpose in my career.
* My career is an important part of my life’s meaning.
* I try to live out my life purpose when I am at work.
* I believe I have been called to my current line of work.
* I do not believe that force beyond myself has helped guide me to my career.
* I was drawn by something beyond myself to pursue my current line of work.
* I am pursuing my current line of work because I believe I have been called to do so.
 
 
Using the scale below, please indicate for each of the following statements to what degree they presently correspond to one of the reasons for which you are doing your specific job.
Not at all Very little A little Moderately Strongly Very strongly
* Because I enjoy this work very much
* Because I have fun doing my job
* For the moments of pleasure that this job brings me
* I chose this job because it allows me to reach my life goals
* Because this job fulfills my career plans
* Because this job fits my personal values
* Because I have to be the best in my job, I have to be a “winner”
* Because my work is my life and I don’t want to fail
* Because my reputation depends on it
* Because this job affords me a certain standard of living
* Because it allows me to make a lot of money
* I do this job for the paycheck
 
 
The following statements describe the connection between you and your job, to what extent would you agree with each statement?
Strongly disagree Disagree Neither agree nor disagree Agree Strongly Agree
* My job is an important reflection of who I am.
* When I think of myself, I often think of my job.
* My job is an important part of my self-image.
* My job reminds me of my personal values.
* When I’m at work I feel I’m carrying out my personal values.
 
 
The following statements refer to how you typically experience work.

Indicate the extent that you agree each statement describes your typical experience when you’re working on a task at your current job.
Strongly Disagree Disagree Neither Agree nor Disagree Agree Strongly Agree
* I feel I am competent to accomplish the task.
* I do things automatically without having to spend time reflecting on what I’m doing.
* I have a clear idea of what I want to do.
* While I’m performing the task I know how well I’m doing.
* I am completely focused on what I’m doing.
* I feel totally in control.
* Time seems to pass more quickly than normal.
* The experience itself is rewarding.
* I do not feel self-conscious.
 
 
The following questions ask about your personal connection to your organization. Indicate the extent to which you agree with each statement.
Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree N/A
* My employment in the organization is a big part of who I am.
* I consider myself an organization person.
* What the organization stands for is important to me.
* I share the goals and values of the organization.
* My membership of the organization is important to me.
* I feel strong ties with the organization.
 
 
The following questions ask about your personal connection to your your workgroup. Indicate the extent to which you agree with each statement.
Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree N/A
* I feel similar to my workgroup as a whole in terms of general attitudes and beliefs.
* I like my workgroup as a whole.
* I feel I fit into my workgroup.
* I feel my workgroup is cohesive.
* My workgroup is important to me.
* I Identify with my workgroup.
* I have strong ties with my workgroup.
* I am glad to be part of my workgroup.
* I see myself as belonging to my workgroup.
 
 
The following questions ask about your personal connection to your supervisor. Indicate the extent to which you agree with each statement.
Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree N/A
* My relationship with my supervisor is an important reflection of who I am.
* It often feels to me like my supervisor is an important part of who I am.
* I usually feel a strong sense of pride when my supervisor has an important accomplishment.
* I think one of the most important parts of who I am can be captured by looking at my supervisor and understanding who they are.
* When I think of myself, I often think of my supervisor.
* If a person hurts my supervisor, I feel personally hurt as well.
* In general, my supervisor is an important part of my self-image.
* Overall, my supervisor has very little to do with how I feel about myself.
* My supervisor is unimportant to my sense of what kind of person I am.
* My sense of pride comes from knowing who I have as a supervisor.
* I usually develop a strong sense of identification with my supervisor
* When responding to items on this survey I respond as honestly as possible.
 
 
You are almost done. Please click on continue to move to the next question
 
The following questions ask about your personal connection to your coworkers. Indicate the extent to which you agree with each statement.
Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree N/A
* My close relationship with my coworkers is an important reflection of who I am.
* I often feel like that my coworkers are an important part of who I am.
* I usually feel a strong sense of pride when my coworker has an important accomplishment.
* I think one of the most important parts of who I am can be captured by looking at my coworkers and understanding who they are.
* When I think of myself, I often think of my coworkers.
* If a person hurts one of my coworkers, I feel personally hurt as well.
* In general, my coworkers are an important part of my self-image.
* Overall, my coworkers have very little to do with how I feel about myself.
* My coworkers are unimportant to my sense of what kind of person I am.
* My sense of pride comes from knowing who I have as coworkers.
* I have a strong sense of identification with my coworkers.
 
 
Thinking of the past few weeks at work, how much of the time have you felt each of the following?
Never Occasionally Some of the time Much of the time Most of the time All of the time
* Tense
* Uneasy
* Worried
* Calm
* Contented
* Relaxed
* Depressed
* Gloomy
* Miserable
* Cheerful
Never Occasionally Some of the time Much of the time Most of the time All of the time
* Enthusiastic
* Optimistic
* Personally Fulfilled
* Meaningful
* Valuable
* Purposeful
* Irrelevant
* Trivial
 
 
The following statements refer to the degree to which you find your work meaningful. Indicate the extent to which you think each statement is true.
Absolutely untrue Somewhat untrue Neutral Somewhat true Absolutely true
* I have found a meaningful career.
* I understand how my work contributes to my life’s meaning
* I have a good sense of what makes my job meaningful.
* I have discovered work that has a satisfying purpose.
* I view my work as contributing to my personal growth.
* My work helps me better understand myself.
* My work helps me make sense of the world around me.
* My work really makes no difference to the world.
* I know my work makes a positive difference in the world.
* The work I do serves a greater purpose.
 
 
This scale consists of a number of words that describe different feelings and emotions. Indicate to what extent you have felt this way during the past few weeks.
Very slightly or not at all A little Moderately Quite a bit Extremely
* Interested
* Distressed
* Excited
* Upset
* Strong
* Guilty
* Scared
* Hostile
* Enthusiastic
* Proud
Very slightly or not at all A little Moderately Quite a bit Extremely
* Irritable
* Alert
* Ashamed
* Inspired
* Nervous
* Determined
* Attentive
* Jittery
* Active
* Afraid
 
 
Indicate the frequency with which you engage in the following activities at work.
Very infrequently Somewhat infrequently Neutral Somewhat frequently Very frequently
* Help others who have heavy workloads.
* Help others who have been absent.
* Help make other workers productive.
* Help orient new people even though it is not required.
* Share personal property with others if necessary to help them with their work.
* Respect the rights and privileges of others.
* Consult with other people who might be affected by my actions or decisions.
* Inform my supervisor before taking any important actions.
* Complain about trivial matters.
* Always find faults with what the organization is doing.
Very infrequently Somewhat infrequently Neutral Somewhat frequently Very frequently
* Express resentment with any changes introduced by management.
* Think only about my problems, not others.
* Pay no attention to announcements, messages, or printed material that provide information about the company.
* Am always on time.
* Attendance at work is above average.
* Give advance notice when unable to come to work.
* Maintain a clean workplace.
* Stay informed about developments in the company.
* Attend and participate in meetings regarding the company.
* I often try to adopt improved procedures for doing my job.
Very infrequently Somewhat infrequently Neutral Somewhat frequently Very frequently
* I often try to change how my job is executed in order to be more effective.
* I often try to bring about improved procedures for my work unit or department.
* I often try to institute new work methods that are more effective for the company.
* I often try to change organizational rules or policies that are nonproductive or counterproductive.
* I often make constructive suggestions for improving how things operate within the organization.
* I often try to correct a faulty procedure or practice.
* I often try to eliminate redundant or unnecessary procedures.
* I often try to implement solutions to pressing organizational problems.
* I often try to introduce new structures, technologies, or approaches to improve efficiency.
 
 
Indicate the extent to which you agree with the following statements about your job.
Strongly Disagree Disagree Neither Disagree nor Agree Agree Strongly Agree
* I work with intensity on my job.
* I exert my full effort to my job.
* I devote a lot of energy to my job.
* I try my hardest to perform well on my job.
* I strive as hard as I can to complete my job.
* I exert a lot of energy on my job.
* I have been honest when responding to items on this survey.
 
 
Almost finished! Please click Continue to answer several demographic questions and complete the survey.
 
 
* In which country do you currently live?
 
 
 
* In which country did you spend the most time before the age of 18?
 
 
 
* What is your gender?
 
Male
 
Female
 
 
 
* How many employees do you supervise at work? (if you're not a supervisor, enter 0).
   
 
 
 
* Sometimes employees work within a “team” or “workgroup” wherein the successful completion of one’s work is dependent on the work of their team or workgroup. If you're part of a workgroup, how many employees are part of your team or group (including yourself)?
   
 
 
 
* What is the highest level of education you have achieved?
 
Less than high school degree
 
High school degree or equivalent (e.g. GED)
 
Some college but no degree
 
Associate degree (e.g. AA, AS)
 
Bachelor's degree (e.g. BA, AB, BS)
 
Master's degree (e.g. MA, MS, MBA)
 
Professional degree (e.g. MD, DDS, JD)
 
Doctorate degree (e.g. PhD)
 
 
 
* Often times people refer to themselves as part of a particular social class depending on their social and economic standing. How would you classify your social class? (select one)
 
Lower Class
 
Lower Middle-Class
 
Middle-Class
 
Upper Middle-Class
 
Upper Class
 
 
 
* Please provide your Mturk Worker ID. Once you enter your ID and select "Continue" you will receive a unique respondent ID. IMPORTANT: You must return to the HIT and enter your unique respondent ID to receive payment.